· Encroachment on wildlife habitat resulting in migration of wild animals
· Forest clearing and forest fires
· Changes in agricultural and animal husbandry practices
· Wildlife trade
· Translocation of wild animals
· Ecotourism
· Exotic pets and petting zoo animals
Zoonotic infections in primates (including monkeys) have great implications. Major non-human primate zoonotic infections are listed below.
· Parasitic infections- Entamoeba histolytica, E. polecki, Giardia, Cryptosporidia, Plasmodium spp., Oesophagostomum bifurcum, Schistosoma mansoni, S. Mekongi, Bartiella studen, B. mucronata
· Bacterial infections- Campylobacter, Salmonella, Shigella, Leptospira, Francisella tularensis, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. bovis, M. avium, M. paratuberculosis, M. scrofulaceum, M. intercellulae, M. kansasii, M. gordnae, M. africanum, M. leprae
· Viral infections- Hepatitis A, Monkey pox, Tana pox, Yaba pox, Measles, Marburg, Ebola, Simian Immunodeficiency, Herpes Simian B virus
Care to be taken in case of monkey bite or scratch wounds
As a first aid, all bite or scratch wounds should be immediately and thoroughly scrubbed and cleansed with soap and water. A 0.25% hypochlorite solution wash followed by washing with detergent containing chlorhexidine or povidone-iodine for 15 minutes is recommended. Immediately thereafter, medical advice should be sought for further line of action.Inputs
Dr. K. G. Narayan
Retired Dean
Veterinary College, Ranchi
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